论现代小说伍尔夫英文版
『壹』 谁有伍尔夫写的<简爱和傲慢与偏见>的英文版 急用!!!!!
Charlotte Brontë (April 21, 1816 – March 31, 1855) was an English novelist, the eldest of the three Brontë sisters whose novels have become enring classics of English literature. Life and worksCharlotte Brontë was born at Thornton, in Yorkshire, England, the third of six children, to Patrick Brontë (formerly "Patrick Brunty"), an Irish Anglican clergyman, and his wife, Maria Branwell. In April 1820 the family moved to Haworth, where Patrick had been appointed Perpetual Curate. Maria Branwell Brontë died of cancer on 15 September 1821, leaving five daughters and a son to the care of her sister Elizabeth Branwell. In August 1824, Charlotte was sent with three of her sisters to the Clergy Daughters' School at Cowan Bridge in Lancashire (which she would describe as Lowood School in Jane Eyre). Its poor conditions, Charlotte maintained, permanently affected her health and physical development, and hastened the deaths of her two elder sisters, Maria (born 1814) and Elizabeth (born 1815), who died of tuberculosis in 1825 soon after they were removed from the school.
At home in Haworth Parsonage, Charlotte and the other surviving children — Branwell, Emily, and Anne — were influenced by their father's library of Walter Scott, Byron, Tales of the Genii and The Arabian Nights. They began chronicling the lives and struggles of the inhabitants of their imaginary kingdoms. Charlotte and Branwell wrote stories about their country — Angria — and Emily and Anne wrote articles and poems about theirs — Gondal. The sagas were elaborate and convoluted (and still exist in part manuscripts) and provided them with an obsessive interest in childhood and early adolescence, which prepared them for their literary vocations in althood.
Charlotte continued her ecation at Roe Head school in Mirfield from 1831 to 1832, where she met her lifelong friends and correspondents, Ellen Nussey and Mary Taylor. Charlotte returned as a teacher from 1835 to 1838. In 1839 she took up the first of many positions as governess to various families in Yorkshire, a career she pursued until 1841. In 1842 she and Emily travelled to Brussels to enroll in a pensionnat run by Constantin Heger (1809–1896) and his wife Claire Zoë Parent Heger (1804–1890). In return for board and tuition, Charlotte taught English and Emily taught music. Their time at the pensionnat was cut short when Elizabeth Branwell, their aunt who joined the family after the death of their mother to look after the children, died of internal obstruction in October 1842. Charlotte returned alone to Brussels in January 1843 to take up a teaching post at the pensionnat. Her second stay at the pensionnat was not a happy one; she became lonely, homesick, and deeply attached to Constantin Heger. She finally returned to Haworth in January 1844 and later used her time at the pensionnat as the inspiration for some of The Professor and Villette.
In May 1846, Charlotte, Emily, and Anne published a joint collection of poetry under the assumed names of Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell. Although the book failed to attract interest (only two copies were sold) the sisters decided to continue writing for publication and began work on their first novels. Charlotte continued to use the name 'Currer Bell' when she published her first two novels.
Cover page of the first edition of Jane EyreHer novels are:
Jane Eyre, published 1847
Shirley, published 1849
Villette, published 1853
The Professor, written before Jane Eyre and rejected by many publishing houses, was published posthumously in 1857
Her novels were deemed coarse by the critics. Much speculation took place as to who Currer Bell really was, and whether Bell was a man or a woman.
Charlotte's brother, Branwell, the only son of the family, died of chronic bronchitis and marasmus exacerbated by heavy drinking, in September 1848, although Charlotte believed his death was e to tuberculosis. Emily and Anne both died of pulmonary tuberculosis in December 1848 and May 1849, respectively.
Portrait of Charlotte Brontë, 1873
Charlotte and her father were now left alone. In view of the enormous success of Jane Eyre, she was persuaded by her publisher to visit London occasionally, where she revealed her true identity and began to move in a more exalted social circle, becoming friends with Harriet Martineau, Elizabeth Gaskell, William Makepeace Thackeray and G. H. Lewes. However, she never left Haworth for more than a few weeks at a time as she did not want to leave her aging father's side.
In June 1854, Charlotte married Arthur Bell Nicholls, her father's curate. She died nine months later ring her first pregnancy. Her death certificate gives the cause of death as phthisis (tuberculosis), but there is a school of thought that suggests she may have died from her excessive vomiting caused by severe morning sickness in the early stages of pregnancy. There is also evidence to suggest that Charlotte died from typhus she may have caught from Tabitha Ackroyd, the Bronte household's oldest servant, who died shortly before her. Charlotte was interred in the family vault in The Church of St. Michael and All Angels, Haworth, West Yorkshire, England.
The posthumous biography by Elizabeth Gaskell, for a long time a standard source on her life, has been much criticised by feminists such as Elaine Showalter, for suppressing details of Charlotte's life and her apparently passionate nature.
『贰』 求原版英文现代小说
Almost perfect
这个有好几本同名的，我看的是Susan Mallery ，感觉不错，跟普通言情比起来，女主更贴近生活层面，也描写了一个国外女人是如何做妈妈的，另外外国人的婚姻爱情观也在本文有很好的体现。
The Horse Whisperer《马语者》
内容提要：在冰天雪地的纽约北部，13岁的格蕾丝骑着爱马“朝圣者”外 《马语者》出发生意外，格蕾丝失去了一条腿，“朝圣者”也奄奄一息。母亲安妮急切地期盼格蕾丝能早日康复，但不久她发现，要使女儿的心理恢复正常，首先必须挽救 “朝圣者”的生命。当听说蒙大拿州有一位名叫汤姆•布克的为马治病的高手后，安妮便不厌其烦地打电话向他求救。尽管一再遭到拒绝，安妮依然不肯放弃，最后她干脆开上车，带着格蕾丝和“朝圣者”一起前往蒙大拿。在蒙大拿宽广的天空下，安妮、汤姆和格蕾丝的生活都被永远地改变了
Nicholas Sparks
Nicholas Sparks 的全套都值得一看，他的粉丝基本上都是一本一本的等，一个男言情小说家，却非常的懂女人，除了女作家的细腻笔调之外，还有对情节的逻辑安排，等等，当然啦，小说仅仅是小说咯，咱不就是为了融入小说体味下别人的刻骨铭心么。
A Good Year和 A Year in Provence
《普罗旺斯的一年》记述的就是这位身为国际大广告公司高级主管的彼得·梅尔夫妇在普罗旺斯地区第一年的生活实录。他们住在偏远的乡村，努力修葺终于买下的历经两百年的老房子。从一月里，咆哮直下隆河河谷的西北季风冻裂他们的水管开始，他们与当地的泥水匠、水管匠打起交道。月复一月，他们受够了工匠们的推拖迟延。他们想出的种种应付办法则让我们捧腹大笑。一年里，他们和猎野猪的农夫、采松露的乡人及其他乡下邻居们交上了朋友，知道了操纵山羊赛跑的秘密，避免毒蛇追踪的妙法，对于打扰他们宁静生活的观光客，也愈来愈敬而远之
He’s Just Not That Into You [他其实没那么喜欢你]
呃，抱歉，这个实在不是什么浪漫的言情小说，这本书看过电影的都知道，其目的是为了戳破女人心中的那些玫瑰色泡泡。很痛，但很深刻。
附上下中文目录，翻译得绝了：
1 男人矜持搞怪，心中必无真爱
2 男人言不由衷，真爱终究成空
3 男人心不在焉，真爱远在天边
4 男人上床犹疑，真爱远隔千里
5 男人脚踏两“床”，真爱必定泡汤
6 男人酗酒吸毒，真爱已到穷途
7 男人不想结婚，真爱未曾降临
8 男人分手绝交，真爱已然死掉
9 男人消失无踪，真爱一场幻梦
10男人已经结婚，真爱别想发生
11 男人人格病态，真爱不可期待
12这样的故事你别听
13现在你该怎么办？
14格莱哥问答录
15格莱哥之结束语
16丽姿之结束诏
等等等等了，现代浪漫爱情故事N多
『叁』 弗吉尼亚·伍尔芙一句话的英文原版
是这个吗，刚刚去网络了一下……
Dear Leonard,
To look life in the face,
always to look life in the face,
and to know it for what it is,
and last to know it,
to love it for what it is,
and then,
to put it away……
Leonard,
always the years between us,
always the years,
always the love,
always the hours……
——《The hours》
『肆』 弗吉尼亚伍尔芙名言有那些中英文也可以
衣服在穿我们，而不是我们在穿衣服.——小说《奥兰朵》
这是反映雌雄同体的一部现代小说经典， 是弗吉尼亚.伍尔芙(Virginia Woolf)发表于1928年的小说，在伍尔芙的文本中，她尝试写出一个人可以有多重自我，性别可以转换，就像服装一样。
『伍』 弗吉尼亚伍尔芙的绝笔信英文原版，就是那个以tuesday开头的信。
Dearest,
I feel certain that I am going mad again. I feel we can't go through another of there terrible times,and I can't shan't recover this time. I begin to hear voice,and can't concentrate. So, I am doing what seems to be the best thing to do. You have given me the greatest possible happiness. You have been in every way all that anyone could be. I know that I am spoiling your life,and without me,you could work. And you will. I know. You see, I can't even write this properly. What I want to say is that I own all the happiness of my life to you. You have been entirely patient with me and incredibly good. Everything gone from me but the certainty of your goodness. I can't go on spoiling your life any longer. I don't think two people could have been happier than we have been.
Virginia
『陆』 哪里能找到弗吉尼亚伍尔夫的生平介绍英文版
http://www.classicreader.com/author.php/aut.40/
Virginia Woolf was born in London, as the daughter of Julia Jackson Duckworth, a member of the Duckworth publishing family, and Leslie Stephen, a literary critic, a friend of Meredith, Henry James, Tennyson, Matthew Arnold, and George Eliot, and the founder of the Dictionary of National Biography. Leslie Stephen's first wife had been the daughter of the novelist William Makepeace Thackeray. His daughter Laura from the first marriage was institutionalized because of mental retardation. In a memoir dated 1907 she wrote of her parents, "Beautiful often, even to our eyes, were their gestures, their glances of pure and unutterable delight in each other."
Woolf was ecated at home by her father, and grew up at the family home at Hyde Park Gate. In mddle age she described this period in a letter to Vita Sackville-West: "Think how I was brought up! No school; mooning about alone among my father's books; never any chance to pick up all that goes on in schools throwing balls; ragging; slang; vulgarities; scenes; jealousies!" Woolf's youth was shadowed by series of emotional shocks - her half-brother Gerald Duckworth sexually abused her and her mother died when she was in her early teens. Stella Duckworth, her half sister, took her mother's place, but died a scant two years later. Leslie Stephen, her father, suffered a slow death from cancer. When her brother Toby died in 1906, she had a prolonged mental breakdown.
Following the death of her father in 1904, Woolf moved with her sister Vanessa and two brothers to the house in Bloomsbury, which would become central to activities of the Bloomsbury group. "And part of the charm of those Thursday evenings was that they were astonishingly abstract. It was not only that Moore's book [Principia Ethica, 1903] had set us all discussing philosophy, art, religion; it was that the atmosphere - if in spite of Hawtrey I may use that word - was abstract in the extreme. The young men I have named had no 'manners' in the Hyde Park Gate sense. They criticized our arguments as severely as their own. They never seemed to notice how we were dressed or if we were nice looking or not." (from Moments of Being, ed. by Jeanne Schulkind, 1976) Vanessa agreed to marry the critic of art and literature Clive Bell. Virginia's economic situation improved she she inherited ￡2,500 from an aunt.
From 1905 Woolf began to write for the Times Literary Supplement. In 1912 she married the political theorist Leonard Woolf, who had returned from serving as an administarator in Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). Woolf published her first book, The Voyage Out, in 1915. In 1919 appeared Night and Day, a realistic novel set in London, contrasting the lives of two friends, Katherine and Mary. Jacob's Room (1922) was based upon the life and death of her brother Toby.
With To the Lighthouse (1927) and The Waves (1931) Woolf established herself as one of the leading writers of modernism. On the publication of To the Lighthouse, Lytton Strachey wrote: "It is really most unfortunate that she rules out copulation - not the ghost of it visible - so that her presentation of things becomes little more... than an arabesque - an exquisite arabesque, of course." The Waves is perhaps Woolf's most difficult novel. It follows in soliloquies the lives of six persons from childhood to old age. Louis Kronenberger noted in The New York Times that Woolf was not really corncerned with people, but "the poetic symbols, of life--the changing seasons, day and night, bread and wine, fire and cold, time and space, birth and death and change."
In these works Woolf developed innovative literary techniques in order to reveal women's experience and find an alternative to the male-dominated views of reality. In her essay 'Mr. Bennett and Mrs. Brown' Woolf argued that John Galsworthy, H.G. Wells and other realistic English novelist dealt in surfaces but to get underneath these surfaces one must use less restricted presentation of life, and such devices as stream of consciousness and interior monologue and abandon linear narrative.
Mrs. Dalloway (1925) formed a giant web of thoughts of several groups of people ring the course of a single day. There is little action, but much movement in time from present to past and back again through the characters memories. The central figure, Clarissa Dalloway, is a wealthy London hostess. She spends her day in London preparing for her evening party. She recalls her life before World War I, berofe her marriage to Richard Dalloway, and her friendship with the unconventional Sally Seton, and her relationship with Peter Walsh. At her party she never meets the shell-shocked veteran Septimus Smith, one of the first Englishmen to enlist in the war. Sally returns as Lady Rossetter, Peter Walsh is still enamored with Mrs. Dalloway, the prime minister arrives, and Smith commits suicide. To the Lighthouse had a tripartite structure: part 1 presented the Victorian family life, the second part covers a ten-year period, and the third part is a long account of a morning in which ghosts are laid to rest. The central figure in the novel, Mrs. Ramsay, was based on Woolf's mother. Also other characters in the book were drawn from Woolf's family memories.
"So that is marriage, Lily thought, a man and a woman looking at a girl throwing a ball." (from To the Lighthouse)
During the inter-war period Woolf was at the center of literary society both in London and at her home in Rodmell, near Lewes, Sussex. She lived in Richmond from 1915 to 1924, in Bloomsbury from 1924 to 1939, and maintained the house in Rodmell from 1919-41. The Bloomsbury group was initially based at the Gordon Square residence of Virginia and her sister Vanessa (Bell). The consolidation of the group's beliefs in unifying aesthetic concerns occurred under the influence of the philosopher G.E. Moore (1873-1958). The group included among others E.M. Forster, Lytton Strachey, Clive Bell, Vanessa Bell, Duncan Grant, and Leonard Woolf. By the early 1930s, the group ceased to exist in its original form.
In the event of a Nazi invastion, Woolf and Leonard had made provisions to kill themselves. After the final attack of mental illness Woolf loaded her pockets with stones and drowned herself in the River Ouse near her Sussex home on March 28, 1941. On her note to her husband she wrote: "I have a feeling I shall go mad. I cannot go on longer in these terrible times. I hear voices and cannot concentrate on my work. I have fought against it but cannot fight any longer. I owe all my happiness to you but cannot go on and spoil your life." Her suicide has colored interpretations of her works, which have been read perhaps too straightly as explorations of her own traumas.
Virginia Woolf's concern with feminist thematics are dominant in A Room of One's Own (1929). In it she made her famous statement: "A woman must have money and a room of her own if she is to write fiction." The book originated from two expanded and revised lectures the author presented at Cambridge University's Newnham and Girton Colleges in October 1928. It deals with the obstacles and prejudices that have hindered women writers, and analyzes the differences between women as objects of representation and women as authors of representation. Woolf argued that a change in the forms of literature was necessary because most literature had been "made by men out of their own needs for their own uses." In the last chapter it explores the possibility of an androgynous mind. Woolf refers to Coleridge who said that a great mind is androgynous and states that when this fusion takes place the mind is fully fertilized and uses all its faculties. "Perhaps a mind that is purely masculine cannot create, any more than a mind that is purely feminine..." Three Guineas (1938) examined the necessity for women to make a claim for their own history and literature. Orlando (1928), a fantasy novel, traced the career of the androgynous protagonist from a masculine identity within the Elisabethan court to a feminine identity in 1928. The book was illustrated with pictures of Woolf's lover, Vita Sackville-West, dressed as Orlando. According to Nigel Nicolson, the initiative to start the affair came as much on Virginia's side as on the more experienced Vita's. Their relationship coincided with a period of great creative proctivity in Woolf's career as a writer. In 1994 Eileen Atkins dramatized their letters in her play Vita and Virginia, starring Atkins and Vanessa Redgrave.
As an essayist Woolf was prolific, publishing some 500 essays in periodicals and collections, beginning 1905. Characteristic for Woolf's essays are dialogic nature of style and continual questioning of opinion - her reader is often directly addressed, in a conversational tone, and her rejection of an authoritative voice links her essays to the tradition of Montaigne.
『柒』 谁可以传给我一份伍尔夫的《一间自己的房间》和《第二性》 中文版和英文版 txt啊~~~~跪求！！
pdf版附上
『捌』 关于伍尔芙《到灯塔去》
这是一部作者倾注心血的准自传体意识流小说。小说以到灯塔去为贯穿全书的中心线索，写了拉姆齐一家人和几位客人在第一次世界大战前后的片段生活经历。拉姆齐先生的幼子詹姆斯想去灯塔，但却由于天气不好而未能如愿。后大战爆发，拉姆齐一家历经沧桑。战后，拉姆齐先生携带一双儿女乘舟出海，终于到达灯塔。而坐在岸边画画的莉丽·布里斯科也正好在拉姆齐一家到达灯塔的时候，在瞬间的感悟中，向画幅中央落下一笔，终于画出了多年萦回心头的幻象，从而超越自己，成为一名真正的艺术家。全书并无起伏跌宕的情节，内容分三个部分，依次为：窗；时光流逝；灯塔。最主要的人物拉姆齐夫人后来死去，其实际活动仅限于小说的前半部分。关于她的一系列描述，是以作者本人的母亲为生活原型的，而拉姆齐先生则有作者父亲的影子。此外，作者着墨最多的是莉丽·布里斯科。表面上看，莉丽语言寥寥，其主要行为主要是为拉姆齐夫人作画，但该人物的思想活动相当活跃，作者以自己为原型塑造了这个人物，并“为小说结构安排了潜在的双重线索和复合层次。……莉丽这个人物既在这部小说世界之中，又在它之外；拉姆齐一家的经历是第一层次的故事，莉丽所体现的‘艺术—生命’主要是第二层次的故事，是包裹在小说外面的又一部小说。”
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在弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫的代表作《到灯塔去》中，作者通过莉丽·布里斯科对女性气质从抛却到认可再到超越的心路历程，揭示了女艺术家在男性占主导的社会中为实现自己的理想所经历的艰难和困惑，以及女性主义的真谛。指出只有培养双性头脑才是妇女解放的真正出路。这是一部作者倾注心血的准自传体意识流小说。小说以到灯塔去为贯穿全书的中心线索，写了拉姆齐一家人和几位客人在第一次世界大战前后的片段生活经历。拉姆齐先生的幼子詹姆斯想去灯塔，但却由于天气不好而未能如愿。后大战爆发，拉姆齐一家历经沧桑。战后，拉姆齐先生携带一双儿女乘舟出海，终于到达灯塔。而坐在岸边画画的莉丽·布里斯科也正好在拉姆齐一家到达灯塔的时候，在瞬间的感悟中，向画幅中央落下一笔，终于画出了多年萦回心头的幻象，从而超越自己，成为一名真正的艺术家。全书并无起伏跌宕的情节，内容分三个部分，依次为：窗；时光流逝；灯塔。最主要的人物拉姆齐夫人后来死去，其实际活动仅限于小说的前半部分。关于她的一系列描述，是以作者本人的母亲为生活原型的，而拉姆齐先生则有作者父亲的影子。此外，作者着墨最多的是莉丽·布里斯科。表面上看，莉丽语言寥寥，其主要行为主要是为拉姆齐夫人作画，但该人物的思想活动相当活跃，作者以自己为原型塑造了这个人物，并“为小说结构安排了潜在的双重线索和复合层次。……莉丽这个人物既在这部小说世界之中，又在它之外；拉姆齐一家的经历是第一层次的故事，莉丽所体现的‘艺术—生命’主要是第二层次的故事，是包裹在小说外面的又一部小说。”小说第一部分临近结尾处，拉姆齐夫人——到第二部她就死了——的一段内心独白，可能更其重要…… 伯·布莱克斯东在《弗吉尼亚·吴尔夫：一篇评论》中说：“阅读了《灯塔》之后再来阅读任何一本普通的小说，会使你觉得自己是离开了白天的光芒而投身到木偶和纸板做成的世界中去。”这代表了有关《到灯塔去》的一种看法；读过此书的读者，也许还有别的乃至完全相反的看法。可能会嫌情节成分太少，人物面貌不清。历来关于伍尔芙的批评，大多针对她的人物；人物性格通常借助情节展现，所以连带涉及情节；此外还责怪她视野太过狭隘。以上两种意见，姑且不置可否，有一点须得指出：批评者——不管是论家还是读者——所希望获得的，伍尔芙压根儿不打算供给，她另外奉献一些别的。布莱克斯东因此否定其他作品虽未必可取，但《到灯塔去》的确不是一本普通小说。那么也就不能用读普通小说的眼光来读它。这句话说来简单，实行并不容易。我们要
想与伍尔芙一类作家达成共鸣，却又只能这样。就像她所说的：“不要对你的作家发号施令，要试图与他化为一体。你要做他创作活动中的伙伴与助手。”（《应该如何阅读一部作品》）每种创作方法都是独立的价值体系；不同的阅读方法，适用于不同的创作方法。画地为牢，乾脆不读算了。 对于上述批评意见，伍尔芙自己早有回答。好比讲到人物，她说：“我要弄清楚，当我们提起小说中的‘人物’时，我们是指什么而言。”（《贝内特先生与布朗夫人》）早在《到灯塔去》完成之前八年，也就是她即将转向意识流小说创作时，所说就很明白：“让我们考察一下一个普通人在普通的一天中的内心活动吧。心灵接纳了成千上万个印象——琐屑的、奇异的、倏忽即逝的或者用锋利的钢刀深深铭刻在心头的印象。它们来自四面八方，犹如不计其数的原子在不停地簇射；当这些原子坠落下来，构成了星期一或星期二的生活，其侧重点就和往昔有所不同；重要的瞬间不在于此而在于彼。因此，如果作家是个自由人而不是奴隶，如果他能随心所欲而不是墨守成规，如果他能够以个人的感受而不是以因袭的传统作为他作品的依据，那么就不会有约定俗成的那种情节、喜剧、悲剧、爱情的欢乐或灾难，而且也许不会有一粒钮扣是用庞德街的裁缝所惯用的那种方式钉上去的。”（《论现代小说》）这显然有别于前辈作家如威尔斯、贝内特和高尔斯华绥等对人物的理解，——同样也有别于至今仍囿于传统阅读习惯的读者的理解。问题不在名目，内容完全不同。而这么把握人物，情节也会另作安排。进一步讲，所关注的既非同一方向，又遑论视野宽窄。伍尔芙说，这是“精神主义者”与“物质主义者”的区别；简而言之，其一看“内”而其一看“外”。 无论作家写作，抑或我们阅读，这都是前提所在；所以非得饶舌一番，不然不得其门而入。上述特色，《到灯塔去》较之伍尔芙早先诸作都要来得充分。所写内容即如前引《论现代小说》所述，人物为拉姆齐夫人等一乾人，情节是“到灯塔去”，如此而已。剩下的问题只有一个，就是怎么写成这个样子。相对于伍尔芙来说，写法问题对此前的贝内特等几乎不存在，循规蹈矩就是了；然而在她却必须予以解决。否则所有追求——特别是人物方面的追求——都落空了。而这正是她所关注的：“我相信，所有的小说都得跟人物打交道，都要去表现人物性格——小说的形式之所以发展到如此笨重、累赘而缺乏戏剧性，如此丰富、灵活而充满生命力的地步，正是为了表现人物，而不是为了说教、讴歌或颂扬不列颠帝国。”（《贝内特先生与布朗夫人》）只是着眼点不同而已 。 这里有关人物的不同看法，亦即通常所谓人物真实与否的问题；伍尔芙一再论说，同样围绕此点进行。然而我读《到灯塔去》，以为若用“人物的存在”来代替“人物的真实”，恐怕也就不成问题了。不存在的，也就是不真实的；写法如何在所不论。林德尔·戈登在《弗吉尼亚·伍尔芙：一个作家的生命历程》中写道：“‘时过境迁’部分以非人化视角观看季节的循环，在令人震惊的随意性括号里抹掉了可爱的人物拉姆齐夫人、普鲁和安德鲁。这是造物者自身的角度。”读书至此，觉得空旷极了，寂寞极了。回想此前——也就是回到人的角度——切实感到所有的人曾经存在；他们的感觉，思想，言谈，举止，都是证明。即以拉姆齐夫人而言，她是那么具体地存在着，无拘生前死后。其他人物如拉姆齐先生、莉莉·布里斯科和詹姆斯等，也都存在。那么接续刚才的
话说，存在的，也就是真实的；写法同样在所不论。
似乎与作家的看法相呼应，《到灯塔去》中拉姆齐夫人这样想：“我们的影像，你们藉以认识我们的东西，都是肤浅可笑的。在这些影像下面是一片黑暗，无边无际，深不可测；我们只不过偶尔浮到表面，你们就是依靠这个认识了我们。”所涉及的还是前述“内”与“外”的问题。但是伍尔芙的小说并没有完全放弃“外”，而是借助与“外”的联系来写“内”；也就是说，在现实环境与内心活动接合处，选取一个足以充分展现人物内心世界的视角。正如埃·奥尔巴赫所说，“在弗吉尼亚·伍尔芙手中，外部事件实际上已经丧失了它们统帅一切的地位，它们是用来释放并解释内部事件的。”（《摹仿——西方文学中所描绘的现实》）所以情节尽可能地被简化，因为复杂非徒无益，反而有碍，不过这只是一方面；另一方面，就总体而言仍然需要一个事件的框架，就局
部而言则在细节选择上多所精心，人物所有的心理活动都被置诸这一框架之内，而为那些细节所触发，所联络，造成无数如她所强调的“重要的瞬间”，其间针线相当绵密。Н·П·米哈尔斯卡娅所言不差：“她的作品结构，总是给人某种理性主义的感觉，让人觉得里面有一番周密的苦心思考。这种苦心思考，使她的小说区别于许多现代主义作家那些结构混乱而故作松散的作品。”（《二十世纪二三十年代英国小说的发展道路》）
笼统地讲“内”或“内部事件”，仍有可能忽略伍尔芙意识流小说的关键所在，——这里使用“意识流”一词，其实她写的并非纯粹的意识流；正如多·斯·富尔所说：“她决心让种种印象、个人分析，对外界的感受等等在作品中占支配地位；她决心运用观察角度、感觉以及回忆的技巧。”（《弗吉尼亚·伍尔芙》）人物既作为意识活动的主体存在，同时也在被观察分析之中；作家并未完全认同于某一人物的视点，自己作为观察者的视点仍然若隐若现，而这个观察者的视点与对人物的外在描述是一致的。这使得作家能够同时从内外两个方面去把握人物，自由进出于人物的内心世界。如果可以把人物的心理活动大致分为相对内向或独立的意识与相对外在或随机的感受的话，伍尔芙始终无所偏废，而是一概包容，各尽其极，并使之相互促成，层层递进，达到丰富饱满 程度，从而实现按一己标准“表现人物”的目的。值得一提的是，她有着非比寻常的体验和表达瞬间感受的能力；而“内”与“外”之间的关系，归根结底是以人物的感受为基础的。 以上系就某一人物而言；《到灯塔去》的特色，却在于对此有所超越。米哈尔斯卡娅说，作家“力图把几个主人公的‘意识流’融进同一道河床，再现出几个人的意识同时进行紧张活动的复杂画面”；就意识流小说而言，是为一层进境。这有赖于梅·弗里德曼所指出的：“在开始和结尾部分里占主导地位的情绪和回顾，是以真实的变化为背景而表现出来的，不像在《达洛威夫人》中，只以回忆中的变化为背景。”（《意识流：文学方法研究》）如果说《达洛维夫人》中所有人物的心理活动有一个指向既往的总的方向的话，这里拉姆齐夫人等则要自由得多，他们的心灵朝着四面八方展开。人物的心理活动更具即时性，也更其片段化。它们之汇聚一流，完成于“重要的瞬间”，——精心选择的一系列现实环境中的细节，既触发了不同人物的感受与意识活动，又促成了彼此间的相互联络转化。不同人物的“内”，“内”的不同层面，“内”与“外”，在作家笔下打成一片，简直天衣无缝；只有从这个意义上讲，我才赞同爱·摩·福斯特在《弗吉尼亚·伍尔芙》中所说：伍尔芙本质上“是位诗人”。 伍尔芙的诗人特色，大概还表现于作品的象征意义。论家对此众说纷纭，特别是关于灯塔的寓意，多有揭示。然而伍尔芙说：“我写《到灯塔去》并无特别的意义。一本小说非得要有一条主线贯串全书，才能使其构成一个整体。我觉得各种情感都会由此而增长，不过我不想仔细思考这些，相信人们会把它作为自我表现感情的寄存处——他们已经这样做了，有人认为它是这么一回事，而另外的人则认为又是那么一回事。除非运用这种模糊、笼统的方法，否则我是无法驾驭象征主义的。至于是对是错，我不清楚，但是直截了当地告诉我这事是指什么，那在我看来是一种讨厌的做法。”（1927年5月27日致罗杰·弗赖伊）前面提到现实环境对于人物心理活动所起作用，灯塔作为这一环境的成分之一，意义大概与其他成分并无二致，不过因为贯穿始终，作用显得大些罢了。其实《到灯塔去》写到的任何环境成分，无一不经过精心挑选。伍尔芙首先考虑的，可能还是小说写法问题。别的方面则早已被她所认识，所理解，就像《论现代小说》等文章中说过的那样。至于象征的问题尚在具体写作之外，有也罢，没有也罢；或者说，是小说造成了象征，不是象征造成了小说。 讲到寓意，小说第一部临近结尾处，拉姆齐夫人——到第二部她就死了——的一段内心独白，可能更其重要： 他们还会存在下去，而无论他们存在多久，她继续想到，都会回到这个夜晚，回到这轮明月，回到这海风，回到这幢房子——回到她的身旁。想到无论他们存在多久，她都将被牢牢牵记，萦绕在他们的内心深处，这令她沾沾自得，她对这样的奉承话很容易动心；她将被他们牵挂着，还有这个、这个、这个，她想着，拾级而上，满怀柔情地嘲笑楼梯平台上的沙发（她母亲留下的），那把摇椅（她父亲留下的），还有那张赫布里底群岛地图。所有这些都将在保罗和明塔的生命里复活；“雷勒夫妇”——她试着念了念这个新的称呼；当她把手放在育儿室的门上时，她感到了人与人之间的那种由感情而产生的交流，好像彼此间的隔膜已经薄如蝉翼，实际上（这是一种快慰和幸福的感觉）一切都已汇合成一股流水，那些椅子、桌子、地图，是她的，也是他们的，究竟是谁的已不再重要，即使她不在人世，保罗和明塔也会继续生活下去的。 这不禁使人联想到《达洛威夫人》中，克拉丽莎听到塞普蒂默斯的死讯，独自退入斗室的一番自省：“她为他的离去感到高兴，他抛弃了自己的生命，与此同时他们还在继续生活。”二者似乎不无相通之处。同样是生离死别，而某种精神得以延续下去，其主旨乃是对生命本身，对生命的存在状态和对生命的创造活动的珍重。《到灯塔去》动笔前，伍尔芙曾强调要写出“我通常写入书中的一切东西——生与死等等”（1925年5月14日日记）；是否可以认为，《到灯塔去》中其他最终活下来的人与拉姆齐夫人的关系，正对应着《达洛威夫人》中克拉丽莎与塞普蒂默斯的关系，不过更其充实，更其深远而已。
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http://etext.library.adelaide.e.au/w/woolf/virginia/
这里可以下载到英文版.
中文版好象天涯书库里有.
『玖』 翻译一段布莱克斯东对伍尔夫的作品《到灯塔去》的评价，要求是英文原版，谢谢~
"In the east, alex ofbremenwhen Woolf: a commentary," said: "read the lighthouse" later again to read any book ordinary novel, can make you feel oneself is left the daytime light and join in the groves, and had made of cardboard world." 英语在线翻译
『拾』 谁能帮我用英文写写伍尔夫小说新装里Mabel的性格特点！！！急急急急～～～
贵州师范大学的?